Rotavirus infection severity and vaccine effectiveness are strongly influenced by the gut microbiota and nutritional status, which shape immune responses and gut health. Certain beneficial bacteria, like Segmented Filamentous Bacteria and Bifidobacterium, enhance resistance to rotavirus by promoting immune defenses, while imbalances in gut microbes can worsen infection outcomes. Maintaining a balanced diet and healthy gut microbiota may improve rotavirus prevention and recovery, highlighting the potential of probiotics and combined oral-injectable vaccine strategies for better protection, especially in infants and vulnerable populations.
